The Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation is a globally recognized certification in investment management and financial analysis. It signals deep expertise in markets, portfolio management, and ethics, and is respected across the finance industry.

You need either a bachelor's degree (or final-year status), or 4,000 hours of professional work experience (or a mix of education and work experience). A valid international travel passport is required for ID.

There are three levels: Level 1 covers core tools and ethics, Level 2 focuses on valuation and analysis with item sets, and Level 3 centers on portfolio management and constructed response plus item sets.

Most candidates take 3-4 years. Expect roughly 300+ study hours per level, with each exam passed sequentially before moving on.

All exams are computer-based. Level 1: 180 multiple-choice questions split into two sessions. Level 2: item sets (vignettes) with multiple-choice. Level 3: mix of constructed response (essays) and item sets.

Fees vary by window. One-time enrollment fee: $350. Early registration: $940. Standard registration: $1,250. Budget for prep materials or retakes if needed.

Common roles include investment banking, equity research, portfolio management, wealth management, risk management, and financial advisory across buy-side and sell-side firms.

You must adhere to the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards, stay current with ongoing professional development, and maintain active membership with annual dues.